David Gushee's "Embarrassingly Bad Exegesis"

 

                                (Monroe county)

A friend recommended David Gushee's Changing Our Minds to me. Gushee  supports same-sex marriage.

I haven't changed my mind, even after reading Gushee's book. Textually, marriage is between a man and a woman. 

New Testament scholar (which Gushee isn't; and, BTW, neither am I) Robert Gagnon was unimpressed. (Gagnon's massive The Bible and Homosexual Practice: Texts and Hermeneutics, is essential reading in this area.) In a review, Gagnon writes:

"Dr. Gushee carries no "intellectual heft" on the issue of Scripture and homosexuality, for two simple reasons: 

(1) Dr. Gushee is heavily dependent on the "wet-behind-the-ears" Matthew Vine for his "exegesis" of biblical texts pertaining to the issue of homosexuality; and 

(2) Dr. Gushee has ignored nearly all the major arguments against his embarrassingly bad exegesis, even when I sent him links to online articles that summarize more extensive arguments in my published work."

One of Gushee's most disappointing chapters is called "Two Odd Little Words," on the meaning of arsenokoites and malakoi. Gushee says, because we cannot know the meaning of these words, we cannot use them in an argument against same-sex marriage. I find his reasoning absurd.

So does Gagnon (and many New Testament scholars, which I have named elsewhere). Gagnon writes (I quote him at length):

"Dr. Gushee was trying to argue that these terms had to do only with exploitative forms of homosexual practice. It was clear that he had no personal facility with Greek and was significantly dependent on Matthew Vines (who likewise has no personal facility in Greek). The research, such as it was, was amateurish and unworthy of a scholar."

Gagnon continues,

"I sent him a private message on FB, asking him that if he was not willing to take an hour or two to read my 33-page analysis of these two terms in The Bible and Homosexual Practice (303-36), he might at least look at a 5 page online summary of the 4 arguments for malakoi and 8 for arsenokoitai, arguments which indicate that these terms are inclusive of adult-committed male homosexual relationships (point 4 here). I asked him if he would revise his article by at least responding to these arguments, heretofore ignored. He thanked me and did revise his article, but not in light of my arguments; rather, only in light of the comments that others, who were not scholars, left below his online article.

In his revision, he not only ignored my arguments, but he also mischaracterized an important scholar's view (William Loader) as supporting his (Gushee's) viewpoint and opposing mine (the exact opposite was the case). He added a reference from "biblical scholar Michael Vasey" about the cultural milieu. Yet Vasey, who was not a biblical scholar but a gay Anglican priest who died at age 52 (of HIV complications, according to some accounts), was oblivious to the evidence for committed homosexual relationships in the ancient world.

Dr. Gushee followed this with an over-reaching theological claim about Paul that is unsustainable from the evidence. He claimed that God's grace precludes the possibility that Paul could have warned sexual offenders, including homosexual offenders, about exclusion from God's kingdom. Yet Paul's offender list in 1 Cor 6:9-10 is precisely such a warning ("Stop deceiving yourselves: [The following] shall not inherit the kingdom of God"), where the larger context is the shocking case of a self-proclaimed Christian "brother" at Corinth in a sexual relationship with his stepmother (1 Cor 5). Paul has similar warnings to converts about sexual immorality sprinkled throughout most of his extant letters.

So I asked Dr. Gushee a second time through private FB messaging to respond to the many counterarguments that I offered. He sent me the message, "I appreciate your comments. Thank you.""

Gushee didn't respond. 

5 MINUTE DISCIPLESHIP - PRAYER

A LETTER TO MY CHURCH FAMILY

 

Dear Redeemer Family, 

Here are some things I want to share with you about this coming Sunday morning at Redeemer.

1. Many of our people will be at our summer conference in Green Lake, Wisconsin. Let's pray for God to do great things in our people and in the others that will be there.
2. Linda and I will be home in Monroe, and at Redeemer. I will preach this coming Sunday morning out of Hebrews 10:26-39. I encourage you to look at these verses before coming on Sunday.
3. WE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO LIVE STREAM THIS COMING SUNDAY'S SERVICE. We have three people who do this on Sunday mornings. Two of them will be at Green Lake, and the third is unavailable.
4. ALL CHILDREN'S CHURCH CLASSES ARE STAFFED AND WILL BE OPEN. Thank you, teachers and helpers! Thank you, Jana and Dayna for setting this up!

Linda and I bless you if you are at the conference.

We are looking forward to being with the rest of you this coming Sunday morning, as we look at what N. T. Wright has called the most fearsome warning passage in the New Testament.

Love,

PJ

Influence: Like Father, Like Child

 

              (My mother and Father)

Influence is greater than numbers. The question is not, "How big is your church?" The real question is, "How is your church's influence?" 

You could be twelve people, and salt the world with the good news of the Kingdom. You could be twelve hundred, and be an audience inside a saltshaker.

How is your influence going? Which way is it going? 

Because of you, are people better, or worse?

Every father influences his children, for worse, or for better. My father influenced me for better. 

I remember seeing Dad read his Bible, usually in the evening before he went to bed. Dad read his Bible so much that his thumb wore through the leather cover. I have it now. Here it is.

I received my own leather-covered Bible when I was confirmed in our Lutheran Church. I was twelve years old. My mother put my Bible somewhere - I didn't know where and I did not care. I never picked it up and read it.

Until I was 21. That's when Jesus rescued me out of a deep enslavement to evil. My life began to change for the better! And, I needed a Bible.

I drove to my parents' home. I asked, "Mom, do you know where my Bible is?"

She got it for me. I began to read. And read. I wore the leather out on it so much that the cover finally broke off. I still have this Bible. Here it is.

Like father, like child, right?

As the apostle Paul wrote:

Follow my example,

as I follow the example of Christ.

1 Cor. 11:1

And,

Join together in following my example, brothers and sisters,

and just as you have us as a model,

keep your eyes on those who live as we do.

Philippians 3:17

God Is Wrathful Because God Is Love

 

 

                                                                   (Monroe County)

Surely a loving God does not affirm everything.

Yale theologian Miroslav Volf personally witnessed the horrors of the Bosnian war. Out of this context he wrote,

I used to think that wrath was unworthy of God. Isn’t God love? Shouldn’t divine love be beyond wrath? God is love, and God loves every person and every creature. That’s exactly why God is wrathful against some of them. My last resistance to the idea of God’s wrath was a casualty of the war in former Yugoslavia, the region from which I come. According to some estimates, 200,000 people were killed and over 3,000,000 were displaced. My villages and cities were destroyed, my people shelled day in and day out, some of them brutalized beyond imagination, and I could not imagine God not being angry. Or think of Rwanda in the last decade of the past century, where 800,000 people were hacked to death in one hundred days!

​How did God react to the carnage? By doting on the perpetrators in a grandparently fashion? By refusing to condemn the bloodbath but instead affirming the perpetrators basic goodness? Wasn’t God fiercely angry with them? Though I used to complain about the indecency of the idea of God’s wrath, I came to think that I would have to rebel against a God who wasn’t wrathful at the sight of the world’s evil. God isn’t wrathful in spite of being love. God is wrathful because God is love.

 Volf, Free of Charge: Giving and Forgiving in a Culture Stripped of Grace, (Zondervan 2005) pp. 138-139

"Relevant" Is Not a Kingdom Word

                                             (Worship at Redeemer)

The word for me is not "relevant."

rel·e·vant

ˈreləvənt'

adjective

1. closely connected or appropriate to what is being done or considered.

   
   

   "what small companies need is relevant advice"

   
   

   synonyms:

   pertinent, applicable, apposite, material, apropos, to the point, germane;  connected, related, linked; on-topic "the relevant page numbers"

   • appropriate to the current time, period, or circumstances; of contemporary interest.
   • 
     

     E.g., "Critics may find themselves unable to stay relevant in a changing world"

If "relevant" means "umbilically connected," we are disconnected.

If "relevant" means "our refuge is the current cultural ethos," we are strangers.

If "relevant" means "linked, arm-in-arm," we are aliens.

"The Christian," writes Eugene Peterson, "is a witness to a new reality that is entirely counter to the culture. The Christian faith is a proclamation that God's kingdom has arrived in Jesus, a proclamation that puts the world at risk. What Jesus himself proclaimed and we bear witness to is the truth that the sin-soaked, self-centered world is doomed.

Pastors are in charge of keeping the distinction between the world's lies and the gospel's truth clear."

- In Marva J. Dawn, The Unnecessary Pastor: Rediscovering the Call, Kindle Locations 64-66

"My kingdom," said Jesus, "is unplugged from this culture."

"My kingdom," said Jesus, "is from an alternate reality." (John 18:36)

In Prophetic Untimeliness: A Challenge to the Idol of Relevance,  Os Guinness writes that, in our uncritical pursuit of relevance, Christians have actually become irrelevant. By our determined efforts to redefine ourselves in ways that are more in line with the modern world than are faithful to Christ, we have lost not only our identity but our authority and significance. 

The Idol of Relevance turns on us and emasculates us. The Church becomes domesticated. We become one of Relevance's pets. Aslan may not be a tame lion, but we are.

Is that too strong? Watch the secular media see if the Church and its leaders appear as anything more than just another evil to be eradicated. It's as if Jesus said, I came not to be served, but to serve the American dream. (This is also called Moralistic Therapeutic Deism.)

Peterson writes:

"Our place in society is, in some ways, unique: no one else occupies this exact niche that looks so inoffensive but is in fact so dangerous to the status quo. We are committed to keeping the proclamation alive and to looking after souls in a soul-denying, denying, soul-trivializing age. But it isn't easy. Powerful forces, both subtle and obvious, attempt either to domesticate pastors to serve the culture as it is or to seduce us into using our position to become powerful and important on the world's terms.: (Ib., Kindle Locations 67-70)

Free to Not Be Who I Am

 

                                               (On The Badger, crossing Lake Michigan)

Brothers and sisters, I do not consider myself yet to have taken hold of it.
 But one thing I do: Forgetting what is behind and straining toward what is ahead, I press on toward the goal to win the prize for which 
God has called me heavenward in Christ Jesus. 
All of us, then, who are mature should take such a view of things. 
And if on some point you think differently, that too God will make clear to you.

Philippians 3:13-15

When I was a campus pastor at Michigan State University in the 1980s I had many meetings with new students. I would begin the conversation by asking them, "Tell me, who are you?" 

When I was a college freshman I could not answer this question. I think back and remember how others viewed me. I was...

...drug user
...alcohol abuser
...failure
...party animal
...stupid

I didn't let others see my insides. Even if I wanted to reveal my heart I was unable because I never addressed the self-question, never asked "Who am I..., really?"

Looking back I see myself as...

...insecure
...lonely
...lacking confidence
...unaware
...easily manipulated
...phony
...duplicitous
...lost

Outwardly, especially when I was drunk, I celebrated who I was. Inwardly, the party was over. I was mired in the Eriksonian "identity crisis," a prisoner caught between ego identity and role confusion. 

Looking back, should I have celebrated this? No way! Should I have "accepted who I was?" No, thank God.

Don't celebrate who you are. Instead, look at what you were meant to be. You need more change (as do I). 

If you are a Jesus-follower celebrate Christ, not the "you" that you are now. You have been purposed to be like Christ. He is the paradigm of true humanity.

God wants to set you free from this world's current identity confusion. What you can be and be transformed into is what matters, not the current "you" that others or you think you are. This is no small matter. Your answer to this will influence everything you do in life. And contrary to how our identity-celebrating culture embraces this, it is not easy. 

In the winter of 1970 I was on a stage in the Chicago area playing my guitar in a band in front of a small crowd. That's when my release from who I was began. The thought came to me, "I am screwed up." When I heard it I didn't feel condemned. I felt truth. That's when the voices of friends who said they liked "me" and thought I was "fun" began to lose their influence.

Every rescue begins with repentance. A few days after this I looked away from my self and began to look at Jesus. I was being set free, not to be who I was, but what I was always meant to be.

Change Yourself, Change Your Marriage

 

 

                              (The sycamore tree in our backyard that was uprooted by 90 mph winds)

Linda and I, over our fifty-thrree years of marriage, have met with many premarital; and marital couples. A percentage of these meetings concern couples who are talking about ending the marriage.

One resource we draw on is Gary Chapman's book One More Try: What to Do When Your Marriage Is Falling Apart. 

Here's some wisdom from the book, which Linda and I share (as do many marital counselors).

"It has been said that unhappy marriages consist of unhappy people. You may not be able to change your spouse, but you can change yourself.

Marriages fail for three primary reasons: 

lack of an intimate relationship with God, 

lack of an intimate relationship with your mate, 

or lack of an intimate understanding and acceptance of yourself. 

One might think we would begin with our relationship to God, but the fact is, one’s relationship with God is greatly affected by one’s self-understanding. This time should be used as an opportunity to rediscover your own assets and liabilities as a person and to take positive steps in personal growth. Even if you are not separated but are struggling with a marriage in crisis, it is possible—indeed, necessary—to look deeply at yourself and begin to make some changes." (P. 41)

Let Not Your Hearts Be Agitated

 

                                                                          (In Kenya)

Thomas Merton wrote: "We have a vocation not to be disturbed by the turmoil and wreckage of the great fabric of illusions." (A Book of Hours, 56)

We have a vocation... 

A calling. We have a calling.

From God. God calls us.

... not to be disturbed...

To not be agitated.

This is about the heart. 

Washing machines have "agitators." They move back and forth, back and forth, with force. They are going nowhere. They make no forward progress.

Disturbances halt forward progress. Disturbances interrupt the calling.

Jesus said, "Let not your hearts be agitated." 

ταράσσω,v  \{tar-as'-so}
1) to agitate, trouble (a thing, by the movement of its parts to and fro)  1a) to cause one inward commotion, take away his calmness of  mind, disturb his equanimity  1b) to disquiet, make restless  1c) to stir up  1d) to trouble  1d1) to strike one's spirit with fear and dread  1e) to render anxious or distressed  1f) to perplex the mind of one by suggesting scruples or doubts 

...by the turmoil...

Let not your hearts be agitated by the agitation. By the upheaval. By the irruptions. By the roiling waters.

Let not your hearts be arrested by the peace-thieves.

...by the wreckage...

Do not be captivated by the incessant effluence of cultural carnage. 

Put a compress on the bleeding media.

...the great fabric of illusions.

The systematic sham that is "the world."

With all its pretension and arrogance.

Do not let this world interpret you.

We have a calling from God to remain in Christ where agitation and turmoil are not to be found and the great fabric of systemic spell-casting is broken.

Metaphor Theory (My Dissertation)

 

Today I was reading some things about metaphors. My doctoral dissertation (450 pages!) was on metaphor theory. I spent six+ years writing it, in the days of no internet.

No AI, as well.

I was thinking, does AI know anything about my work in metaphor theory? I typed it into AI and got this. 

***

Dr. John Piippo’s metaphor theory explores the nature of figurative and metaphorical truth, establishing that human experience cannot be fully contained by literal speech. Piippo, an American philosopher, theologian, and author, completed his doctoral dissertation on this exact subject at Northwestern University in 1986. 

His work bridges the philosophy of language with theology, arguing that metaphors are not mere linguistic decorations, but vital tools for processing reality. [1]

Core Pillars of Piippo’s Metaphor Theory

• The Failure of "Literal Language": Piippo frequently asserts that the vast majority of deep human experience cannot be captured in what he calls the "steel nets of literal language". Literal descriptions are too rigid to encapsulate complex realities like consciousness, emotional states, and spirituality. [1]
• Frameworks for Reality: He defines a metaphor as the use of a word, phrase, image, or object to construct a specific cognitive framework. This framework dictates how we perceive, filter, and express an aspect of reality. []
• Cognitive and Reality-Shaping Power: Heavily influenced by the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis and modern cognitive scientists like Lera Boroditsky, Piippo argues that the semantic structures and metaphors we use genuinely shape and limit our thoughts. Metaphors frame how we see the world, meaning that changing a culture's metaphors changes its view of reality. [1]
• Metaphorical Truth as Factual: Drawing from theologians like Wolfhart Pannenberg, Piippo argues that a metaphor can be used to communicate an absolute, objective fact. Because certain events or truths contain "more meaning" than literal language can hold, metaphorical expression is the only way to convey their full weight. [1]

Theological Application: "Limit-Language"

A major application of Piippo's theory is in the realm of spiritual experience. Borrowing terms from philosopher Paul Ricoeur, Piippo explains that encountering the divine requires a "limit-language". [, 2]

Because spiritual encounters are often non-discursive (meaning they cannot be broken down into logical arguments or physical proof), people must rely on metaphors—such as "abiding in a vine," "resting an anchor," or having an "undivided heart"—to bridge the gap between abstract spiritual reality and concrete human comprehension. [1, 2]